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Christmas tree lights and Christmas bulb.Christmas ornaments, baubles, 'christmas bulbs' or 'Christmas bubbles' or Christmas “ball balls” are (usually made of, metal, wood, expanded or ceramics) that are used to festoon a. Ornaments take many different forms, from a simple round ball to highly artistic designs.

Ornaments are almost always reused year after year rather than purchased annually, and family collections often contain a combination of commercially produced ornaments and decorations created by family members. Such collections are often passed on and augmented from generation to generation.is a commonly used figure., fruit, animals, and images are also popular choices.' S story 'The Peterkins' Christmas-Tree' offers a short catalog of the sorts of ornaments used in the 1870s:There was every kind of gilt hanging-thing, from gilt pea-pods to butterflies on springs. There were shining flags and lanterns, and bird-cages, and nests with birds sitting on them, baskets of fruit, gilt apples, and bunches of grapes.The modern-day mold-blown colored glass Christmas ornament was invented in the small German town of Lauscha in the mid-16th century. A fully decorated Christmas treeThe first decorated trees were adorned with apples, white and in the shapes of stars, hearts and flowers. Baubles were first made in, by (1550–1609), who produced garlands of glass beads and figures that could be hung on trees.

The popularity of these decorations grew into the production of glass figures made by highly skilled with molds.The artisans heated a glass tube over a flame, then inserted the tube into a clay mold, blowing the heated glass to expand into the shape of the mold. The original ornaments were only in the shape of fruits and nuts.After the glass cooled, a solution was swirled into it, a silvering technique developed in the 1850s. After the nitrate solution dried, the ornament was hand-painted and topped with a cap and hook.

Export Other glassblowers in Lauscha recognised the growing popularity of Christmas baubles and began producing them in a wide range of designs. Soon, the whole of Germany began buying Christmas glassware from Lauscha. On Christmas Eve 1832, a young wrote about her delight at having a tree, hung with, ornaments, and placed round it.

In the 1840s, after a picture of Victoria's Christmas tree was shown in a London newspaper decorated with glass ornaments and baubles from her husband 's native Germany, Lauscha began exporting its products throughout Europe.In the 1880s, American discovered Lauscha's baubles during a visit to Germany. He made a fortune by importing the German glass ornaments to the United States.Mass production The first American-made glass ornaments were created by in New York in 1870. In 1880, began selling Lauscha glass ornaments.

Other stores began selling Christmas ornaments by the late 19th century and by 1910, Woolworth's had gone national with over 1000 stores bringing Christmas ornaments across America. New suppliers popped up everywhere including die-cut fiberboard ornaments which were popular among families with small children.By the 20th century, Woolworth's had imported 200,000 ornaments and topped $25 million in sales from Christmas decorations alone. As of 2009, the Christmas decoration industry ranks second to gifts in seasonal sales.Many silver companies, such as, Wallace, and, began manufacturing silver Christmas ornaments in 1970 and 1971.In 1973, started manufacturing Christmas ornaments. The first collection included 18 ornaments, including six glass ball ornaments. The Hallmark Keepsake Ornament collection is dated and available for just one year. By 1998, 11 million American households collected Hallmark ornaments, and 250,000 people were member of the Keepsake Ornament Collector's Club. There were as many as 400 local Keepsake Ornament Collector's Club chapters in the US.

One noted Christmas ornament authority is who has written extensively on the topic and has one of the largest private collections of Christmas ornaments.In 1996, the ornament industry generated $2.4 billion in total annual sales, an increase of 25% over the previous year. Industry experts estimated more than 22 million US households collected Christmas ornaments, and that 75% of those households collected Hallmark Keepsake Ornaments. Post World War II. A bauble purchased in England in 1959After World War II, the turned most of Lauscha's glassworks into entities, and production of baubles in Lauscha ceased. After the came down, most of the firms were reestablished as private companies. As of 2009, there are still about 20 small glass-blowing firms active in Lauscha that produce baubles.

One of the producers is Krebs Glas Lauscha, part of the Krebs family which is now one of the largest producers of glass ornaments worldwide.Modern baubles Although glass baubles are still produced, as expensive good-quality ornaments often found at markets, baubles are now frequently made from plastic and available worldwide in a huge variety of shapes, colors and designs. There are a large number of manufacturers producing sophisticated Christmas glass ornaments in Poland, which produce ' ' or the plural form ' bombki'; and millions of glass-blown Christmas ornaments are made year-round in, Michoacan, Mexico, and exported to Spain, New Zealand and France. They are also made in Chignahuapan, Puebla, Mexico.

We couldn't find direct synonyms for the term outside world. Maybe you were looking for one of these terms? Outside muster-paper, outside of, outside planking, outside the beltway, outside the law, outsideness, outsider, outsider art, outsider music, outsiderdom. Top synonyms for outside world (other words for outside world) are rest of the world, world outside and wider world. Outside world synonyms - similar meaning - 185. Outside world synonym. Then, as in Fig. 9, cut the core loose from the outside skin. The stenographer was to take his seat in this corridor, just outside one of the windows. Outside the door of the anaesthetizing-room Miss Harrison's languor vanished. Outside of her small immediate circle Anna's death was hardly felt.

Handcrafted Handcrafted Christmas ornaments have become a staple of craft fairs and many smaller online businesses owe much of the success to both the internet and the growth of craft stores.

A bubble light is a decorative device consisting of a liquid-filled vial that is heated and lighted by an incandescent light bulb. Because of the liquid's low boiling point, 39.6°C (103.3°F), the modest heat generated by the lamp causes the liquid to boil and bubble up from the vial's base thus creating a decorative effect.

Description[edit]

The liquid is almost always methylene chloride, a solvent that is toxic and possibly carcinogenic. It is generally sealed in a glass vial or capsule to prevent its release; if it is broken, the area should be evacuated until the fumes have dissipated. Some early bubble lights instead used a lightweight oil or camphor (a white substance used in some moth balls) to create the low boiling point. In these older lamps, one can often see a white piece floating at the top of the vial, until the heat of the lamp dissolves it and it starts to bubble.

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The light from the lamp illuminates the bubbles from underneath, causing them to shine. Bubble lights of all kinds operate best when the top of the tube is significantly cooler than the bottom, thus increasing the pressure gradient. The tubes must be kept upright, and occasionally may need to be tapped or even shaken to begin bubbling after warming up.

Bubble lights have been made in two different lamp base sizes — E10 (C6) 15 volt, and E12 (C7). The original design used a miniature screw base (E10), such as those used on C6 cone-shaped Christmas lamps. For 120 V power, these early designs were nominally designed to operate with eight on one string, in series, at 15 volts each. However, they were often packaged with a nine-socket string to extend the life of the bulbs. Bubble lights could also be purchased individually for use in existing light strings. Modern incarnations either use candelabra base (E12) 120-volt bulbs, or push-in wedge base 'midget' size miniature bulbs (most commonly ten 12-volt bulbs wired in series).

The clear light bulb is enclosed in a plastic base made up of a 'bowl' and a 'cap', usually of different colors. Bubble lights are manufactured in just about any color, including the liquid in the tube. The plastics used are most commonly semi-opaque red, yellow, blue, and green. Liquids are generally amber, red, blue, green, and rarely, purple or pink. Uncolored liquid is also available, being lit with colored bulbs instead.

In recent years, bubble lights have become more elaborate in appearance. Glitter is sometimes added to the vials for extra sparkle, most commonly on specialty types such as those used in decorative nightlights. Bases are now often made to look like figures such as Santa Clauses or snowmen, or decorative objects and symbols, rather than the plain ribbed plastic. Like many other Christmas decorations, they have been converted for Halloween use, usually with orange-colored liquid and a base that looks like a jack-o'-lantern, or the head of a black cat or witch, among other Halloween symbols.

Less-toxic modern imitations of bubble lights are made from acrylic or other clear plastic rods, with permanent bubbles deliberately manufactured into them, lit with fixed-color or color-changing LEDs. Other bubbling lights are much larger and sit on a table or floor, occasionally with fake fish which 'swim' up and down as they change buoyancy. These tubes are usually filled with distilled water, and have one or more airstones at the bottom, and normally a light, along with an air pump.

History[edit]

Bubble lights were being manufactured by Telsen Electric Company Ltd, in Manchester, England, possibly as early as the late 1920s. Bubble lights for Christmas decoration were first patented in the United States by Carl W. Otis in 1944 and introduced there in 1946 by NOMA, one of the largest American manufacturers of Christmas lights. While NOMA was the largest company to make these lights, other manufacturers included Raylite (Paramount/Sterling), Royal Electric Company, and Good Lite/Peerless. Bubble lights were very popular as Christmas lights from the 1940s through the 1970s, before miniature 'fairy' lights became popular.

See also[edit]

• Drinking bird – simple toy that uses a similar closed solvent system
• Hand boiler – novelty that uses hand heat to displace a solvent
• Lava lamp – contemporary changing decorative light
• Percolator – similar bubble lift mechanism to brew coffee
• Plasma globe – another changing decorative light source which has been miniaturized

Patents[edit]

• US Pat. No. 2,353,063: July 4, 1944
• US Pat. No. 2,031,409: February 18, 1936
• US Pat. No. 2,031,416: February 18, 1936
• US Pat. No. 2,162,897: June 20, 1939
• US Pat. No. 2,174,446: September 26, 1939